In order to analyze this problem, the author classifies the damages for non-pecuniary loss resulted from breach of contract into two kinds, that is, physical inconvenience and discomfort; loss of amenities, pain, suffering and mental distress.
从违约的精神损害赔偿存在基础结合国外立法例来论证因违约造成的受害人的非财产损害并非完全不予赔偿，在特定的情形之下因违约行为造成他人非财产损害时，允许受害人通过违约之诉要求赔偿。
default [ICSID]
违约,拖欠 [解决投资争端国际中心]
a breach of contract
违反契约,毁约,背约,违约
Mexico needed $1 billion to avoid defaulting on loans to New York banks.
墨西哥需要十亿美元以免拖欠一些纽约银行的贷款。
By industry, manufacturers took the largest share at around Y6.7bn.
以行业论，制造业企业所占比例最大，拖欠约67亿日元。
Strategies for Construction Company to Handle Outstanding Payment--Claims & System of Encouragement and Restriction;
施工企业处理被拖欠工程款的策略——“事后索赔”和“激励约束机制”
He be well know as a slow payer .
他是出名的债务拖欠者.
He is well known as a slow payer.
他是出名的债务拖欠者。
I have fallen into arrears with my rent.
我已经拖欠租金了.
The payment is six months in arrear .
付款以拖欠6个月了。
They are urgent for payment of arrears of wages.
他们催讨拖欠的工钱。
be behindhand with one's rent [payment]
房租 [支付款项] 拖欠着
arrears of dividends for cumulative preference shares
累积优先股的拖欠股利
He got behind with his payments for the car.
他拖欠买汽车的车款.
He is six weeks in arrear with his rent.
他已拖欠房租6周。（他拖欠了六个星期的租金。）
Stipulatio poenae
罚金（违约金）要式口约
The Research of Default Frequency and Default Probability in Credit Rating;
信用评级中的违约率、违约概率研究
We're a month behindhand with the rent.
我们的租金已经拖欠了一个月了。
He is six week In arrear with his rent .
他拖欠了六个星期的租金。