This paper researches the adjoint of a diffrenge algebra, and points out that all adjoint algebra of a diffrenge are automorphism.
研究了差代数（Ｘ；＊，≤，０）以及广义结合差代数的伴随代数；指出了一个差代数（Ｘ；＊，≤，０）的所有伴随代数都是同构的；广义结合差代数的伴随代数是同构的。
The concept of innovation angle difference sum in a loop is proposed.
提出回路新息相角差代数和的概念。
The number-theoretic method in statistics is applied to the particle filter, The corresponding rep-points algorithms, which include the generation of initial particles, the sampling of the importance density and re-sampling, is given using the MSE rep-points.
介绍了粒子滤波及随机分布的代表点理论,将统计学中的数论方法应用于粒子滤波,使用随机分布的均方差代表点,对粒子滤波中关键的初始粒子生成、重点密度采样及再采样过程给出了相应的代表点算法,得到了一个包含最少随机操作的、使用非等权值粒子的确定性粒子滤波算法。